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.\" ========================================================================
.\"
.IX Title "SSL_KEY_UPDATE 3ossl"
.TH SSL_KEY_UPDATE 3ossl "2026-01-27" "3.5.5" "OpenSSL"
.\" For nroff, turn off justification.  Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
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.nh
.SH "NAME"
SSL_key_update,
SSL_get_key_update_type,
SSL_renegotiate,
SSL_renegotiate_abbreviated,
SSL_renegotiate_pending
\&\- initiate and obtain information about updating connection keys
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
.Vb 1
\& #include <openssl/ssl.h>
\&
\& int SSL_key_update(SSL *s, int updatetype);
\& int SSL_get_key_update_type(const SSL *s);
\&
\& int SSL_renegotiate(SSL *s);
\& int SSL_renegotiate_abbreviated(SSL *s);
\& int SSL_renegotiate_pending(const SSL *s);
.Ve
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
\&\fBSSL_key_update()\fR schedules an update of the keys for the current \s-1TLS\s0 connection.
If the \fBupdatetype\fR parameter is set to \fB\s-1SSL_KEY_UPDATE_NOT_REQUESTED\s0\fR then
the sending keys for this connection will be updated and the peer will be
informed of the change. If the \fBupdatetype\fR parameter is set to
\&\fB\s-1SSL_KEY_UPDATE_REQUESTED\s0\fR then the sending keys for this connection will be
updated and the peer will be informed of the change along with a request for the
peer to additionally update its sending keys. It is an error if \fBupdatetype\fR is
set to \fB\s-1SSL_KEY_UPDATE_NONE\s0\fR.
.PP
\&\fBSSL_key_update()\fR must only be called after the initial handshake has been
completed and TLSv1.3 or \s-1QUIC\s0 has been negotiated, at the same time, the
application needs to ensure that the writing of data has been completed. The key
update will not take place until the next time an \s-1IO\s0 operation such as
\&\fBSSL_read_ex()\fR or \fBSSL_write_ex()\fR takes place on the connection. Alternatively
\&\fBSSL_do_handshake()\fR can be called to force the update to take place immediately.
.PP
\&\fBSSL_get_key_update_type()\fR can be used to determine whether a key update
operation has been scheduled but not yet performed. The type of the pending key
update operation will be returned if there is one, or \s-1SSL_KEY_UPDATE_NONE\s0
otherwise.
.PP
\&\fBSSL_renegotiate()\fR and \fBSSL_renegotiate_abbreviated()\fR should only be called for
connections that have negotiated TLSv1.2 or less. Calling them on any other
connection will result in an error.
.PP
When called from the client side, \fBSSL_renegotiate()\fR schedules a completely new
handshake over an existing \s-1SSL/TLS\s0 connection. The next time an \s-1IO\s0 operation
such as \fBSSL_read_ex()\fR or \fBSSL_write_ex()\fR takes place on the connection a check
will be performed to confirm that it is a suitable time to start a
renegotiation. If so, then it will be initiated immediately. OpenSSL will not
attempt to resume any session associated with the connection in the new
handshake. Note that some servers will respond to reneogitation attempts with
a \*(L"no_renegotiation\*(R" alert. An OpenSSL will immediately fail the connection in
this case.
.PP
When called from the client side, \fBSSL_renegotiate_abbreviated()\fR works in the
same was as \fBSSL_renegotiate()\fR except that OpenSSL will attempt to resume the
session associated with the current connection in the new handshake.
.PP
When called from the server side, \fBSSL_renegotiate()\fR and
\&\fBSSL_renegotiate_abbreviated()\fR behave identically. They both schedule a request
for a new handshake to be sent to the client. The next time an \s-1IO\s0 operation is
performed then the same checks as on the client side are performed and then, if
appropriate, the request is sent. The client may or may not respond with a new
handshake and it may or may not attempt to resume an existing session. If
a new handshake is started then this will be handled transparently by calling
any OpenSSL \s-1IO\s0 function.
.PP
If an OpenSSL client receives a renegotiation request from a server then again
this will be handled transparently through calling any OpenSSL \s-1IO\s0 function. For
a \s-1TLS\s0 connection the client will attempt to resume the current session in the
new handshake. For historical reasons, \s-1DTLS\s0 clients will not attempt to resume
the session in the new handshake.
.PP
The \fBSSL_renegotiate_pending()\fR function returns 1 if a renegotiation or
renegotiation request has been scheduled but not yet acted on, or 0 otherwise.
.SH "USAGE WITH QUIC"
.IX Header "USAGE WITH QUIC"
\&\fBSSL_key_update()\fR can also be used to perform a key update when using \s-1QUIC.\s0 The
function must be called on a \s-1QUIC\s0 connection \s-1SSL\s0 object. This is normally done
automatically when needed. Since a locally initiated \s-1QUIC\s0 key update always
causes a peer to also trigger a key update, passing
\&\fB\s-1SSL_KEY_UPDATE_NOT_REQUESTED\s0\fR as \fBupdatetype\fR has the same effect as passing
\&\fB\s-1SSL_KEY_UPDATE_REQUESTED\s0\fR.
.PP
The \s-1QUIC\s0 connection must have been fully established before a key update can be
performed, and other \s-1QUIC\s0 protocol rules govern how frequently \s-1QUIC\s0 key update
can be performed. \fBSSL_key_update()\fR will fail if these requirements are not met.
.PP
Because \s-1QUIC\s0 key updates are always handled immediately,
\&\fBSSL_get_key_update_type()\fR always returns \s-1SSL_KEY_UPDATE_NONE\s0 when called on a
\&\s-1QUIC\s0 connection \s-1SSL\s0 object.
.SH "RETURN VALUES"
.IX Header "RETURN VALUES"
\&\fBSSL_key_update()\fR, \fBSSL_renegotiate()\fR and \fBSSL_renegotiate_abbreviated()\fR return 1
on success or 0 on error.
.PP
\&\fBSSL_get_key_update_type()\fR returns the update type of the pending key update
operation or \s-1SSL_KEY_UPDATE_NONE\s0 if there is none.
.PP
\&\fBSSL_renegotiate_pending()\fR returns 1 if a renegotiation or renegotiation request
has been scheduled but not yet acted on, or 0 otherwise.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
\&\fBssl\fR\|(7), \fBSSL_read_ex\fR\|(3),
\&\fBSSL_write_ex\fR\|(3),
\&\fBSSL_do_handshake\fR\|(3)
.SH "HISTORY"
.IX Header "HISTORY"
The \fBSSL_key_update()\fR and \fBSSL_get_key_update_type()\fR functions were added in
OpenSSL 1.1.1.
.SH "COPYRIGHT"
.IX Header "COPYRIGHT"
Copyright 2017\-2025 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
.PP
Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the \*(L"License\*(R").  You may not use
this file except in compliance with the License.  You can obtain a copy
in the file \s-1LICENSE\s0 in the source distribution or at
<https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.
